Flame Colours of Different Molecules
Introduction
The aim of this experiment is to investigate what colours different substances will emanate when they are burnt. The independent variable to be changed is the substance that is tested. The dependent variable will be the colour of the flames. There are many controlled variables, such as the heat of the flame.
Materials and Methods
The substances used were: Sodium chloride (NaCl), barium chloride (BaCl2), lithium chloride (LiCl), strontium chloride (SrCl2), potassium chloride (Kcl) and calcium chloride (CaCl2). Also, a Bunsen burner was used for heating and a platinum hook for holding the substances.
One substance was burnt at a time by placing a small part of it on the platinum hook and holding it over the Bunsen burner. The independent variable was varied by changing the substance on the platinum hook. The dependent variable, the colour of the flame, was observed and noted. The controlled variables were maintained constant by not changing anything, e.g. letting the Bunsen burner be.
The platinum hook was cleaned thoroughly between every experiment with a new substance, which means that the results were trustworthy.
Results
| Table 1: Colour of the Flames | ||
|---|---|---|
| Substance | Flame colour | |
| Sodium chloride (NaCL) | Yellow | |
| Barium chloride (BaCl2) | Green | |
| Lithium chloride (LiCl) | Pink | |
| Strontium chloride (SrCl2) | Red | |
| Potassium chloride (KCl) | Violet | |
| Calcium chloride (CaCl2) | Red | |
Most flames’ colours were easily distinguishable, except potassium chloride’s, which might have been more pink or purple.
Conclusion
We can conclude that different substances emanate different colours when they are burnt. I compared my results with Wikipedia’s information on those subjects:
| Table 2: Colour of the Flames According to Different Sources | ||
|---|---|---|
| Substance | Flame colour according to results | Flame colour according to Wikipedia |
| Sodium chloride (NaCL) | Yellow | Yellow |
| Barium chloride (BaCl2) | Green | Green |
| Lithium chloride (LiCl) | Pink | Crimson |
| Strontium chloride (SrCl2) | Red | Red |
| Potassium chloride (KCl) | Violet | Violet |
| Calcium chloride (CaCl2) | Red | Yellow-red |
Only two shades were marginally wrong, which suggests that the results are trustworthy.
These different colours are seen because the electrons in the molecules are excited and “jump” between different orbitals. The electrons jump different distances in various molecules, and when they do, they release waves at a certain wavelength. This wavelength decides where on the visible spectrum the colour is.erotic movie freeporn celeb free moviesextreme movies sapphicnude movies celebrityadult movie rentalmovie post teenmovies bukkakemovies lesbain free Map
Använder FireStats
THis is a very stupid page! I didn\’t find what I wanted!
Comment by Abigail — September 27, 2006 @ 8:28 pm
Abigail: So are you. What were you expecting when you googled for “different+molecules”?
Comment by Tim — September 27, 2006 @ 9:33 pm
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Comment by hehehe — January 17, 2007 @ 10:07 am
hehehe: Definitely.
Comment by Tim — January 17, 2007 @ 3:11 pm
i must say that your lab reports are extremely bad…… dont know wht you got but if it was my teacher he would probably give u a 1
Comment by yousuf — March 2, 2007 @ 1:05 pm
yousuf: Why?
Comment by Tim — March 2, 2007 @ 4:28 pm
waist of time…
Comment by o well — March 7, 2007 @ 3:26 am
How rude you all are! I found it great. Maybe you should try your own experiments so you know what you are talking about….
Comment by jackstar — March 12, 2007 @ 7:12 am
I rekon, this experiments are legitimate in my opinion and you should see if you can do one better.
Comment by Tony — April 11, 2007 @ 6:23 am
This is a great page. I found it helpful. I think that you should just have a bigger discussion part after the results to back yourself up more. Good job. :)
Comment by Jenny — April 24, 2007 @ 11:36 pm
I’m only in year 7 and I’m 10 years old. how do I get what u are saying?
Comment by Makaria — April 29, 2007 @ 12:14 pm
Jackstar, Tony, Jenny: Thanks you!
Makaria, you’re 10 years old. You do not need to understand yet :)
Comment by Tim — May 6, 2007 @ 8:45 am
This was very helpful. One thing I think you should have though is a hypothesis. But the information was thorough and it helped me to understand why burning elements had a frequency! Thank you!
Comment by Erika — October 23, 2007 @ 1:08 pm
Thank you! You do your lab reports well. This helped a lot. :)
Comment by Afnan — February 6, 2008 @ 2:27 am
I just did this experiment today, and my teacher made it really confusing. When I finally worked out the positive ions means extra electrons (and I hope I’m right) I looked up ‘flame colour experiement’ and found my answers haha
I think I had pretty much the same results as you
This was helpful (:
Comment by julia — February 13, 2008 @ 7:57 am
Where are the wavelengths in here ? becasue i cant find them on this stupid pg
Comment by Anonymous — September 14, 2008 @ 5:31 pm
Helped a bunch, final paragraph cleared up quite a bit for me, thanks :)
Comment by Anonymous — October 14, 2008 @ 7:18 pm